westwood country club membership cost

I'd definitely go check them all out and play . The latest and most exclusive golf club in Asia, Shanqin Bay Golf Club, is estimated to cost as much as $1 million in initiation fees. Working downtown - really looking for solid weekend option and maybe possibility of getting out on fridays during the summer. The study revealed a number of desires, with more connected casual dining options, both indoors and out, and the addition of a fitness facility emerging at the top of the wish list. Think its around $45kright now which may or may not include the increasenot sure. During the summer of 2008, when we didnt have a clubhouse, we were still fully operational, says Rubin. Spouse is eligible to become an Associate Member with golfing privileges for an additional fee. Clubs have to actively seek new memberships. Its not corporate at all; its strictly social. Guests Dress Code Cell Phone Policy Tipping Policy Parking Directions Learn More Westwood Country Club, or "The Westwood" is located at 772 North Forest Road in Williamsville, New York. Golfcrest will likely be the cheapest option - it was $500 to join and $250 per month with no F&B minimums when I was a member. Westwood is a private club and dining is available for members and members of club's with reciprocal privileges. Membership Membership at Westwood has so many advantages. Bookmark, share and interact with the leading club and resort magazine today. Alison Mixed Bar & GrillA favorite and lively location where members meet to socialize and have a cocktail before dinner, the Alison Room Bar includes plenty of seating and flat screen television. And it paid off. One free reciprocal round at Sussex, Moncton, and Hillsborough. Very walkable course, but I think if you want to use a push cart, you have to rent one from the club. Young professionals with faster, more casual, more mobile lifestyles and niche interests no one club could match. Copyright 2022 SLM Media Group. The old families are practically gone.. A few years ago, even SLCC opened a room for informal dining, the Oasis. > John Bredemus designed BraeBurn, along with Westwood, Pine Forest & Memorial Park in Houston, Ridglea in Ft Worth and Colonial in Dallas. WingHaven is going private this July, staking its future on less crowding and more personal attention. For membership rates & information. Before Dan, the Board had to micromanage the club, because the leadership simply didnt, says Bill Kysela, current Club President. We reconstructed the drive to trench deep underground, for a cleaner look.. With their secrets and scandals, cliques and dress codes and expectations, the Big Four resemble private prep schools; theres so much pressure to conform, infractions are unthinkable. Plus, with the kitchen in the center of the building, the servers dont have to run all over to deliver food. Traffic getting back to the heights afterwards was killer; had to stop at P.F Changs at Highland Village to get a break. According to its findings, there is an average initiation fee of $50,000 for a full membership. SLCC does not list its address (400 Barnes) in the telephone book. For a fresh start in its centennial year, 2003, the club started a $9 million renovation of its West County facility. At SLCC, a member can technically be expelled for any act or behavior that at least eight members of the Board of Governors frown uponbut theres rarely cause. ft. fitness center [see photo, opposite] that includes state-of-the art cardio machines and strength-training stations, says Denihan. The others arent giving up, though. The Alison Roomnamed for C.H. In the old clubhouse, there was also no place for men and women to gather for cocktails. Westwood has no African-American members, but it does have a few Gentiles these days (mainly through intermarriage), and its no longer run by, as one lifelong member put it, German Jews who wouldnt let the Russian Jews in.. Riverbend is solid, but I was not impressed by the greens when I was out there. "I know when someone's in labor," she says, "and when members are really sick, we take them soup." Great group of young guys out there who can play and you can get in a game pretty much any day of the week. A collared shirt, white, if youre playing tennis. Subject: Westwood Country Club - anyone join recently? Situated on 157 acres just minutes from Tysons Corner in Vienna, Westwood appeals to families and business people alike. We offer members and their guests a full range of dining and recreational facilities. I live in the Heights and its an easy 20-25 drive to get there. In addition to this, a $100 monthly fee is charged. The website does not list any memberships, but Golf Digest claims that entry fees range from $25,000 to $30,000. Anonymous. But they do swim, and the days of old guys swimming naked and sitting in the hot tub (occasionally, its said, getting their testicles caught in the drain) are over. You expect to see Miss Marple and the colonelin this case, Col. Leonard Griggs, the retired director of Lambert St. Louis International Airport, who wears all of his medals on his dinner jacket. Site Map | Privacy Policy | RSS, Club + Resort Talks Podcast Features Greg Gilg from Field Club of Omaha, 2023 Club + Resort Business Leaders in the Club Industry, 2022 C+RB Leaders in the Club Industry Winners. A light, open room with beautiful woodwork, the Alison Room is located just off of the Dining Terrace and looks over the Lounge Patio with the most impressive view of the 18th hole of the Golf Course. Alison. how much does it cost to join la quinta country club? Obviously play the courses first if you can. P.O. I am a member at Riverbend and the initiation for juniors and monthly cost are hard to beat. In 1944, a member of the St. Louis Womans Club addressed the club, asking whether they were making sure that all by becoming members are automatically established as of proven quality.. Sugar Creek is next to Riverbend, has 3-9s one of the 9's (Robert) is ok. Like poster above mentioned for your budget Westwood and Braeburn is an option, I believe Braeburn has a junior waitlist. Westwood Golf Club, 850 Kings Hwy, West Deptford, NJ, 08096. Very walkable course, but I think if you want to use a push cart, you have to rent one from the club. You cant be an authentic St. Louisan unless you have a certain reverence for tradition. I can't argue with that, although I wasn't looking for that when I was a member. The clubhouse is also fully wired, there is a Board room for private meetings, and a wine tasting room that doubles as a wine cellar., Outside, new lightposts line the long slender driveway that rolls out from the clubhouse. Braeburn is currently re-doing the golf course and just hit their members with a pretty steep assessment. Rough Can be a little thick in spots, but not as bad as other top tier clubs. The Jack Nicklaus course was constructed in 2001, and the Fazio course has just been constructed as well. By Joanna DeChellis, Editor, Club + Resort Chef | October 31, 2010. Today, one wonders what quality is. I also like the course at Westwood. Next, Old Warson, more Catholic, formed to cut business deals that were considered too vulgar for SLCC. Westwood Country Club has a rich heritage and . Legacy (family members) pay a reduced initiation fee. Homepage - Westwood Golf Club. Champions handicap requirement is 14, which should be a breeze for someone that is a member at Golfwrx. Site Map | Privacy Policy | RSS, Club + Resort Talks Podcast Features Greg Gilg from Field Club of Omaha, 2023 Club + Resort Business Leaders in the Club Industry, 2022 C+RB Leaders in the Club Industry Winners, Joanna DeChellis, Editor, Club + Resort Chef. Michael F. Shanahan Sr.s employee agreement stipulated that Engineered Air Systems would pay dues and charges for memberships including but not limited to St. Albans Country Club, Old Warson Country Club, Boone Valley Country Club, Norwood Country Club, the Media Club, the Missouri Athletic Club, the University Club, Stadium Club, St. Louis Club.. New tax laws (club memberships cant be deducted as business expenses). Soon there were boys and girls locker rooms (to this day they remain separate from the adult locker rooms) and elaborate rules. The old guard wants everybody to dress properlyin suits and ties, says a member of MAC, and the young pups coming in on these special deals are floored, because society doesnt make you dress anymore for anything, not even church. A longtime member of Bellerive notices a lot of young new wealth and says that the attitudes are different. HOLE. After a series of studies and town hall meetings, the club made a bold decision to forge ahead with a $9.5 million project, making major improvements to the golf course in 2008 that included the addition of two natural stone bridges, one water feature, full cart paths, and a new drainage system for the greens. Club Corp runs initiation fee discounts all the time, so ask. The membership was excellent about listening to the needs of a club from an operational standpoint, and proactive in making sure the building would be efficient for staff and members in the long term.. Non-Resident Any person who has no home or business within 50 miles of the Clubhouse. The maitre d at the St. Louis Club knows exactly what time Des Lee will show up for lunch and at what point he will rise to roam around the 14th floor dining room, shaking hands and teasing old friends. The foundation of Chef Greg's menu is based on fresh, seasonal products. Whats the fun of belonging to a club that doesnt give you a secret password? For $2K initiation and $460 a month, you get all that plus anytime golf access at the four Kingwood courses, Golf Trails Woodlands and Lake Windcrest (but no Deerwood access). Executive Chef Greg Kapel has created an extensive menu suited for everyone's tastes. Employers may designate a successor nominee should the member be deceased, retired, transferred, or otherwise leave his/her employment for any reason. The members knew that, and the members believed in that., Location: Rocky River, Ohio Members looked at the two options from a long-range perspective, says Denihan. To learn more, please fill out the form below or email our Director of Membership, Britt Bowers, at [emailprotected]. Their goal, after all, is not to mirror society but to create a world apart, ordered and serene, marked by excellence, graced with privilege and filled with people who laugh at each others jokes. Westwood has no sign at its entrance, just the club seal on the stone gates. On election day, MAC members walk the gantlet as candidates reach up to shake their hands. More details apply. Its always been a good course, says David Webner, Greens Superintendent. Now colors seeping in: red tablecloths in the family grill, fights to the death over blue jeans, even a few brown faces in the ballroom. Westwood remains renowned for its beautiful yet challenging golf course that still retains much of the historic charm from its redesign in 1924 by C.H. It isnt elegantyou feel as if youre disrobing for a mammogramand women havent ventured onto the squash courts. At an even more exclusive club, a guest recently watched waiters tape paper over the windows before the guest speaker, an exotic dancer, entered. A cart path that doubles as a scenic walking trail was also added, to allow for play in rainy conditions. 3. ft. You cant be a failure and be there, because it is expensive. WestwoodRoomThe Family Grill is the perfect place for families to dine together. Brandt was a former Disney marketing director. Rocky River, Ohio 44116. We do not participate in things like that, because Westwood is a very, very private club, he says politely. Annual dues of $3,816 with taxes included. Its not especially political; I think its more based on whether there has been, or could be, a friendship established.. Eccentricities are not only tolerated, they are cherished. Hiring him was a tremendously good decision on the memberships part, Kysela adds. Want to say initiation was around 500 for under 30 so maybe around 1000 and then dues probably around 350 a month. 2of the 3 are fantastic and one of my favorite layouts around. Westwood is a full-service, family-oriented club that has been established to provide its membership with outstanding recreational, dining and social opportunities. Westwood Country Club in Rocky River celebrates 100 years. But the power-brokering days are over. More tension comes with the small banshees who used to stay home with the nanny while Mummy and Daddy went to sip cocktails at the club. For all questions, please email membership@westwoodswim.com Please fill out our membership inquiry and someone will be in touch about membership for 2023. The MAC also formed clubs within the club, with wine, travel, ballroom dancing and classic-car clubs. MEMBERSHIP | Westwood Golf Club - Houston, TX Westwood is more than golf, it is a community of golfers. They would come to me and say, Your guest is not in proper attire, and I would be encouraged to take you to the golf shop and buy you the proper shirt.. Blackhorse is quite a long jog from the Greenway area, but Wildcat is actually really close (at least by Houston standards). BOX 191606 In 1988, John C. Shepherd withdrew his nomination for the job of second in command at the U.S. Justice Department, in part because of scathing comments about his membership in the then all-white Bellerive Country Club. The sun came out just in time for outdoor photos and the golf course and beautiful stone that Westwood has was the perfect backdrop. in 4 reviews, The pool and pool house are also like new and great for kids with a comfortable bar for adults. in 2 reviews, About half the tennis courts are under a bubble, so you can use them year round. in 4 reviews. By the time you have worn yourself out whining about it, your kids are old enough to be in the big pool, a father says. Old Warson Country Club recently spent $1.2 million to upgrade its 40-year-old kitchen; the club paid for the improvements by assessing each member $4,500. The only country clubs that anyone wants to be a member of are in Maryland. They tell you ahead of time, for example, that it is your responsibility to inform your guests of the dress code. We dont want to be in your article, says an employee. Its a golf club with country club amenities, a tough golf course and a great locker room. SLCC now has one African-American member, lawyer Stephen Cousins, and several who are Jewish. To learn more, please fill out the form below or email our Director of Membership, Britt Bowers, at britt@westwoodcc.com. Shes also the Director of Community for the Club + Resort Chef Association. Membership is limited, with the smallest membership cap inside the Beltway, ensuring accessibility by members and their guests. After a lot of work, Westwood CC now touts six membership classifications that are as follows: Active: Full privileges including the Clubhouse, Tennis Courts, Swimming Pool, Driving Range, and Golf Course as provided in the bylaws and playing rules. Yes. Glen Echo knows it's the underdog (location, location, location) but it has more history than anybody; it was founded in Normandy in 1901, and it's been there ever since. Men were allowed to eat dinner without having ties on. Learned to play there as a kid when my grandparents were members but haven't been there in ages. A member must pay $75k to open a CCV course. I got balls, well ProV1's anyway. Post a Pic of Your Latest Purchase. Taylormade Stealth Plus 9* Ventus Black 6X. Each of the clubs you mention will offer you a free round of golf and a tour of the facilities if you call the membership director and say you are looking for a new club to join. The worst Westwoods done, in one longtime members memory, is to suspend somebody for a few months, give them a chance to think about it. And Old Warson? More narrowly focused clubs range from the St. Louis Womans Clubs cultured decorum and the St. Louis Clubs elegant dining to the genteel bloodlust of the Bridlespur (also founded by Busch) and Strathalbyn Farms hunt clubs. [size=3] [font=arial,helvetica,sans-serif] [b]WITB [/b] [/font] [/size] [font="arial, helvetica, sans-serif"] [size=3]TBD [/size] [/font] rspiller Members 65 Members enjoy family-style dining, ordering a la carte, buffet-style or the elite 'Chef's Table' depending on the occasions. Clear editor. A new drainage system, which was installed in 2008, has significantly improved course conditions. Three months before Westwood tore down its existing clubhouse, Denihan was brought in as General Manager. The Westwood is the only private country club in Western New York to open their restaurant, Windows on the Green, to the public. The best way to learn more about River Bend Membership is to experience it! By Jan Pollack. The Downtown Club and The Met (formerly the Metropolitan Racquet Club). Membership fees vary greatly depending on the club but can top a few hundred dollars a month. Those tiers also require a food and beverage minimum. MY WOODSIDE + class schedule + Membership + WHAT'S NEW FEATURED SPA SERVICE GENEO CUSTOMIZED ADVANCED FACIAL TRENDING CLASS BODYPUMP THE CLUB BUILD TODAY. People are used to a blended society. A weekend-long celebration topped off by a patio ceremony and a great reception/dinner. Course Tour. Not really concerned about monthly (not gonna harp over $100/month difference). We also offer a "Young Professional Discount" to new, non-legacy applicants age 21 - 35, as well as out-of-town membership opportunities. 314-918-3000. Champions is great golf course from what I been told by numerous folks, the drive from midtown/downtown Houston will get tiring after a while IMO. I think Champions will have what you're looking for. how much does it cost to join atlanta country club? We encourage those interested in joining to speak with a member for more club details or for additional information. With all of these spaces located closer together, were able to do much more for our members, both with the menu and with events, says Denihan. I don't know if that is a deal breaker or not. If not, the individual is blackballed, a term that dates back to 19th-century British mens clubs whose members placed a black ball in a candidates box as a denial vote. Stimpmeter 10. . Turn left into Westwood Country Club. Approximately 1,500 people are members of this club. With your budget and being a junior you can pretty much join any of the courses you mentioned. The top clubs arent exactly discounting their initiation fees: According to the St. Louis Business Journals Book of Lists, Old Warson went from $45,000 in 1996 to $80,000 in 2006. Our new facility enhances our culture of being a club for our members and their families to enjoy, says John Sico, PGA, Head Golf Professional. Greenbriar has late-night parties, party hard in the bar. Select members of the Big Four also belong to one of three tiny, deliberately rustic, quietly clubby clubs in Ladue: the Deer Creek Club (lunch, dinner and parties) or Bogey Golf Club or Log Cabin Club (which share adjacent nine-hole courses so that their members, mainly corporate titans and bluebloods more interested in Republican politics than in golf, can say that theyve played 18 holes.). Hubert Van Gent, general manager of SLCC, has been there three decades. By centrally locating the kitchen, consolidating where the dining spaces are and adding a separate, dedicated banquet entrance (see photo, pg. how much does it cost to join cherokee country club in atlanta? Only having 18 holes opposed to 27 or 36 is a bummer. -Frank G. Google. Welcome to our Course Tour - Click Each Hole # for more Information. 2 Never join a club "blind" based on the recommendations of others. Two years later, the Professional Golfers Association decided to hold tournaments only at integrated country clubs. Visit FairwaysMembership.com for more information if you'd like. Thecourse is going to be stretched to a little over 7k yards. The Village of Westwood cushions Westwood Country Club. Living in Midtown so 30-45 drive on Saturday and Sunday mornings isn't too bad since I'm not driving to work during the week. Initiation fees run from $7,500 to $28,000, while monthly dues are $200 to $436, depending on membership level. This inquiry can begin by contacting current members of the Country Club for an introduction. ***GIVEAWAY*** Cleveland CBX ZipCore Wedge! txeconomist - do you happen to know the full initiation and dues at Braeburn? Absolutelybut in order to take Westwood into the next era, we needed to invest in our facilities. Membership - Westwood Swim and Tennis Club Membership 2023 SEASON REGISTRATION IS OPEN Membership for First-time Members See below for a description of membership types and fees. Best deal in town. Participation in all member only (leagues, tournaments, and events). With your budget and being a junior you can pretty much join any of the courses you mentioned. Yeah, this past summer I played Gus, Cypresswood, BlackHorse, Eagle Pointe, and GCOH..great courses but just not looking to hang around public courses. Glens Falls CC Offers Activities for All Seasons, Private Club Retail Pro Shops Expand Their Reach, Clubs Introduce Members to Food-Friendly Spirits, Proper Membership Integration Will Boost Retention. How much does it cost to golf at Westwood Country Club - Short Course? Bellerive put in a spa and fitness center. It helps to set the tone, says Denihan. Anyone know how much Golfcrest is for someone under 35? Tennis. The Bogey Club admitted its first two female members last year. About Westwood Country Club Westwood Country Club is a private member-owned Club just west of Tysons Corner Virginia in the beautiful town of Vienna. how much does it cost to join carlton woods? Aquatics. 1. There are several in Dallas that are highly rated as well. How Much Does It Cost To Join Atlanta Country Club? Westwood takes great pride in offering its members and guests a warm and inviting atmosphere in which to relax with friends and enjoy the comforts of its 57,000 square foot clubhouse. 22625 Detroit Road. You should expect to pay 15-20% of the initiation amount and 80% of the asked monthly fees. You cannot paste images directly. Nothing was left out and no one went wanting for anything. So you need a lot of spare money you never get back vs playing local munis. Amenities Westwood Country Club is a private member-owned Club just west of Tysons Corner Virginia in the beautiful town of Vienna. Westwood Country Club - Short Course. In general, though, expect an average price between $700 and $25,000 for initial fees and then monthly rates on top of that, which will vary from around $70 all the way up to over $1,500 per month. There used to be all these spaghetti wires, says Denihan. 11/17/2016 11:07. > I also like the course at Westwood. And improve it, they did. Controller, Jamie Kearney . The staff works together to provide our members and their families with a first-class club experience, Sico adds. Corporations are the third anchor. One poor guy, invited to dinner at SLCC, showed up in dress slacks and a cashmere pullover sweaterwithout a collared shirt underneath. Full Member Benefits: Book tee times up to 7 days in advance online. Would be quicker from Midtown. Greens Superintendent: David Webner BRAEBURN COUNTRY CLUB - 28 Photos - Houston, Texas - Country Clubs - Phone Number - Yelp BraeBurn Country Club 5 reviews Unclaimed Country Clubs See all 28 photos Write a review Add photo Location & Hours Suggest an edit 8101 Bissonnet St Houston, TX 77074 Braeburn Get directions You Might Also Consider Sponsored Pontotoc Vineyard 341 "Thom thinks of churches and country clubs in the same category. Drunkenness, cussing, even raised voices are swiftly hushed at country clubs. The mayor of a tony Maryland suburb resigned from a prominent golf club on Monday because the club might not welcome President Obama as a member. Home - Westwood Country Club Our Mission Our mission is to provide world-class social and recreational experiences for the exclusive enjoyment of our members, their families and their guests. After membership fell by more than 100 members in the '90s, Glen Echo, determined to survive its centennial, brough in a new general manager, Thom Johnson, and membership director, Kimberly Brandt. flop_offense, September 20, 2019 in Texas. Display as a link instead, Thats probably the biggest complaint from the younger members, says a middle-aged member. There are seven Bel-Air members, including Jack Nicholson (members of Lakeside), Roger Birnbaum, Quaid, Luke Wilson, Leslie Moonves, Kelsey Grammer, Patrick Whitesell, and Jack Wagner. Those wouldnt feel comfortable hereand theyd make people uncomfortable., In St. Louis, it never hurts to play to elitism, remarks Ortbals, the former MAC president. How one gets into the more exclusive clubs is the biggest secret of all. 1. The food and beverage program was completely overhauled, and a passionate new chef was brought in to run it. The greens are some of the best you'll find in Houston though. BraeBurn works for me because its close to the housebut for you where they are both probably 25-35 min, Id go Champions all day. Men's Handicap. Rather than expedite an African Americans membership, Old Warson withdrew as a PGA host. When I saw online that the enlisted member . They have a handicap limit (around 10, I think). Golf Club of Houston - $15k initiation but discounts available on that if you pay in full, $400/month individual and $495/month family thru age 35, dues increase to $515/month individual and $610/month family after that, $22k initiation for full members but sounds like junior members don't owe additional initiation fees after turning 36, also . That being said, with the Clovis situation, clubs will be begging people to remain as . 2. January 16, 2017. Like someone already mentioned, we have 3 nines. Sister Club Reciprocal privileges are not available for this membership category. Its the middle-tier, increasingly egalitarian clubs that are scrambling for members. From here, she explains, they can forward it to potential members on their own.. Yelp users havent asked any questions yet about. Hot food is served hot and cold food is served cold.. A nice golf course, open areas, course was somewhat wet and some traps were flooded. Then Bellerive, old money gone corporate. But thats the only thing I would change about this process. NOW AVAILABLE: GolfWRX G/Fore Hats and Holderness & Bourne Polos! > Where do you work? Executive Chef: Gregory Kapel You can find another newer private course in Carlton Woods, which has a monthly fee of $800 and an initiation fee of $100,000. RECHARGE. Spouse is eligible to become an Associate Member with golfing privileges for an additional fee. Shes penned award-winning articles about the many intricacies within food and beverage as well as culinary trends and breaking news. Members who have just handed over thousands of dollars in initiation fees rave about discounts on greens fees and reasonably priced bottles of wine, and the stuffiest speak most fondly of times when the treasured formality cracks (Old Warsons chatty Nineteenth Hole, where you can grab a sandwich and a beer; the ladies annual sleepover at Glen Echo, when they tell ghost stories and raid the kitchen; the sometimes rowdy and ribald mens locker room at the MAC). Obviously could have been an off day/week for them but just my observations. Anyone who has passed beneath the porte-cochre of one of St. Louis private clubs can recite the hierarchy. Reservations are requested: (440) 331-2120 or e-mail: reservations@westwoodcountryclub.org. I'm 99% sure the junior initiation is less than $10K, although you may have to pay more when you turn 30 or 35. Privileges include use of the Clubhouse, Tennis Courts, Swimming Pool, Driving Range, and Golf Course as provided in the bylaws and playing rules. It's a decent course, but definitely not on the level of Westwood or the Cypress course. Initiation is 1,500 for anyone under 30 and I think 3 for 30-35. The old draw, of course, was golfand, despite the glut of fine courses, it still pulls. Not totally impressed with Sugar Creek and I feel like Pine Forest lacks a really good practice facility. You might be happy with those offerings. Cypress is definitely better, but Jackrabbit isn't bad. Obviously play the courses first if you can. Civic Progress has become a group of branch managers who have nothing to do with St. Louis. Except to join its clubs. The benefit there is that it's much closer in case you want to get out there after work. There is a monthly dues fee ranging between $175 and 350 dollars. what is the most exclusive country club in los angeles? By starting from scratch, we would be better positioned for future generations. Accessible SE Texas Courses I Would Play Again (* = regular rotation). Finally, if you live in midtown, then the Downtown Club (two locations Met and Houston Center) offers gym memberships with cart fee golf privileges at local club corp affiliate courses (including Riverbend but excluding Deerwood). I dont think the members would want their club featured with any type of prominence. But that kind of tolerance is changing, too. The Cypress Point Golf Club, located in Pebble Beach, is located in the central part of California. Never join a club "blind" based on the recommendations of others. courts are under a bubble, so you can use them year round. I think proximity to work is important as well if you want to get out and play some afternoon golf after work or hit up the range. Downstairs, near the mens locker room, The Grill is an especially casual dining option that leads out to the Lounge Patio (see photo, above), which includes a fire pit, comfortable patio furniture, and rocking chairs.